Death and Regeneration in Walt Whitmans Poem, When...

Death and Regeneration in Walt Whitmans Poem, When Lilacs Last In The Dooryard Bloomd Whitman in 1865 wrote an elegy for President Lincoln entitled When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomd. The Lilacs elegy is an outpouring of the deep sense of loss that Whitman felt after the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. The Presidents death was a great shock to the poet; it overwhelmed him in a very personal way. Whitman recognized Lincolns excellence and importance. When Whitman first heard of the assassination, it was the spring of the year and the lilacs were in bloom. The poem is heavily symbolic. In this first section, Whitman introduces two of the three central symbols used in development. The poet appears in†¦show more content†¦The poet mourns and shall mourn with the arrival of spring. Spring, with its character of rebirth and life, will bring reminders of the dead Lincoln - thought of him I love. When Lilacs Last is an elegy on the death of Abraham Lincoln as well as a philosophical poem on death itself. Through the symbolic use of a star, a lilac, and a bird, the poet journeys through grieving love to a final acceptance of death. In spite of the involved symbolism, Whitmans method of arriving at the truth of death follows a pattern far less artificial and more typically human. The acceptance of Lincolns death, as well as an understanding of deaths place in the human pattern, is attained only after an encounter with love and grief. Whitman does not forsake the mournful sense of loss once the full meaning of immortality and peace in death is understood. He discovers them to be compatible parts of a more complete realization. There is agonized emotional distance to travel for the poet to grasp an understanding of the notions of rebirth and immortality that he finds in death. There is room for a thoroughly human awareness of grief. The poets personal sorrow that is found in Lilacs. The treatment of death in Lilacs indicates how deeply grieved Whitman was by his war experiences and by Lincolns assassination. In the Lincoln elegy, the poets beliefs are challenged by exposing the emotions to attack by grief. In

Perception Is A Matter Of Interaction Between The World...

Perception is a matter of interaction between the world and the self; the self is a person’s being that separates them from anyone else in the world. At its simplest, the world gives people events; in return people give those events meaning by interpreting and acting upon them. Perception, it is a mental impression meaning it is perceived by our five senses. It is an active process consisting of three processes; selection, organization, and interpretation. Also perception involves age, culture, and personality. Even though perception is largely cognitive and psychological process, how a person perceives people and objects around them affects their communication. Active processes are continuous, they blend into one another, and also they are interactive and affects each of the other two. The active process through perception is given massive amounts of stimuli taken in by human’s senses, a person will only select a portion of the incoming information to organize and interpret. A person will select information based on salience; meaning in the condition of being prominent. People organize information that they select into patterns based on proximity, similarity, and difference. People tend to find salient things that are visually or aurally stimulating and things that meet a person’s needs and interests. Expectations also influence what information a person will select. Through selection a person takes in information through all five of a person’s senses, but as humans theShow MoreRelatedIn My Younger More Vulnerable Years, I Often Thought About1490 Words   |  6 Pagesthis shift seemed arbitrary, but soon I realized this new investigation of life uncovered deep connections absent in death. In fact, I came to believe the self can only exist within its own realm of perceptions, and that any separation from sensual experience would result in the complete dissolution consciousness qua individual. The Relative Self All human thought exists relative to existence, (I feel as though this assertion is in no way a radical one). Memories, interpretations, explanations,Read MoreThe Role of Others in the Formation of the Self Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesothers play an important role in the formation of self. When we interact with others, make comparisons with others and live out our social roles we seem to be affected – so we assume that so is the formation of our â€Å"self†. In reality, it isn’t affected. With an idealist view of a non-physical self, that also possesses continuity and unity it can be exposed how flawed this view of self is, and how others play no role whatsoever in the formation of the self. However, our sensory knowledge which is deceptiveRead More The Interrelationship among Self, Others, and Environment1177 Words   |  5 Pagesour interactions with others, has on the formation of these very things. We can divide social psychology into three main categories: self, others, and environment. Each category consists of several additional topics all relating to the broad category under which the subject matter falls. The first category is the self and the primary focus is the exploration of the way individuals form impressions of themselves. Topics relating to the concept of self include self-schemas, self-esteem, self-efficacyRead MoreInfluence Of Self Presentation On The Perception Of The Personality Of A Person1178 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-presentation, as described by sociologists, is behavior that attempts to convey some information about oneself or some image of oneself to other people. People spend most of their time with others, making self-presentation a fundamental part of their behaviour. Everyone consciously or subconsciously wants to influence the perception of their image. This phenomenon is called impression management, a process in which people attempt to influence t he perceptions of other people about a person, objectRead MoreHuman Perception And The Evolution Of Intelligence1394 Words   |  6 Pagesconfused and lost I seemed to be, and no end seemed to be in sight for this confused feeling I felt towards self-awareness The questions of sentient perception have plagued man since the dawn of his very own intelligence. Homo Sapiens are a consciousness species, that means humans have an awareness of oneself and the external objects in the world that surround them. Humans perception of the world around them had rapidly changed with the evolution of intelligence. People were now capable of theorizingRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society s Attitude Toward Pointing Out An Apparent Ongoing Struggle Between Whites And Blacks1668 Words   |  7 Pagesand geared toward pointing out an apparent ongoing struggle between whites and blacks? Is it because society is only interested in hearing about what is going wrong in the world, or is the media trying to create controversy and increase racial tensions to garner larger television audiences and sell more newspapers? Many stories in the news relate to racism: police brutality, education, crime; the media has a way of portraying these matters or specific inc idents to suggest that a vast majority of AmericansRead MoreThe Problem Of A Social Problem Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ My understanding of a social problem is that a substantial group of individuals consider an issue to be problematic and that the matter in question does not reconcile itself between the good of the group and what has been done for society. Although the issue can be advantageous for some members of a culture or community, it can be detrimental to others and therefore must be examined. b) What are some social problems that currently exist in society? †¢ Problems that occur recycle themselves overRead MoreSocial Problems Of A Social Problem Essay1458 Words   |  6 Pages Social Problem a) What is a Social Problem? †¢ My understanding of a social problem is that a substantial group of individuals consider an issue to be problematic and that the matter in question does not reconcile itself between the good of the group and what has been done for society. Although the issue can be advantageous for some members of a culture or community, it can be detrimental to others and therefore must be examined. b) What are some social problems that currently exist in societyRead MoreLife On Screen By Sherry Turkle933 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to social psychologists Wang, Tchernev, and Solloway, people engage with social networking sites in order to meet four basic needs: to satisfy emotional needs about one ’s self-image, to build a knowledge base of issues and to have that knowledge afford by peers, to maintain social interaction with friends and family to form habits of relaxation or catharsis. Each social media account consists of carefully curated and mediated content with the intention of portraying a fragmented orRead MoreLeadership Credibility : Four Traits Tested Through Time1530 Words   |  7 Pagesof individuals to achieve a common goal† (p .4). This is a mutual relationship and of their own volition to be characterized as leader or follower. This has no boundaries that define a leader between groups or organizations that may view one group as evil, i.e. Hitler’s regime or that of good. Perception of an individual, group, or organization is relevant to correlation of the mutual agreed influence it accepts. A leader according to Stogdill’s findings, in (Northouse 2016) â€Å"an individual does

Investor reaction to accounting misstatement - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Investor reaction to accounting misstatement. Answer: 16 January 2018 Mr. Christopher Sampson The managing Director Beachlife Ltd. Level 7, 927 William Street, Brisbane QLD 4000 Dear Christopher I would like to thank you for your prompt response through e-mail. As we always provided you with the best possible solutions, this time also we will assist you in making the decisions regarding the raised issues. We further assure you that the solutions will be complied with the Corporation Act, IFRS and AASB. Yu may be aware of the fact that the intangible assets are not physical by nature. Some of the examples of intangible assets are trademarks, patents, business methodologies, brand recognition and goodwill. The intangible assets can have definite period of life or indefinite period of life. As the procedure for intangible asset valuation like brand recognition valuation is not easy, it requires definite and solid methodology for the purpose of valuation. Further, in case of internally generated intangible asset the asset is not recognized until it is sold. As per Para 63 of IAS 38 and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) brand recognition is the ability of the consumers to identify the brand from distinctive logo or artistic symbol. It also raise the customers expectation with regard to the product quality and assist the company to accumulate the companys attributes and and can campaign for the product accordingly. As the intangible asset like brand are not dealt in regu lar market, various issues generated for valuing the brand. It is further identified that the amount paid as the brand value are generally less as compared to the actual worth of the brand. For example, in the stated issue though the directors want to recognize $ 800,000 with respect to the Sun n Surf Shirts brand, at the time of selling the brand they may get offer for only $ 600,000. For recognizing the internally generated asset like brand, three options are there through which the brand can be recognized in the financial statement in accordance with the efficiencies, effectiveness, integrity and objectivity. As per the options the brand that is externally acquired shall be accounted as goodwill under the financial statement of purchasing company. In accordance with AASB 138 on Recognition of intangible assets, the intangible asset can only be recognized when its value can be measured reliably and the future economic attributes are expected to be attributed to the company. In the given issue stated by you, as Sun n Surf Shirts brands value reliably cannot be measured and the brand has no definite useful life, it cannot be recognised in the companys financial asset. However, it can be disclosed through notes to financial statements. Regarding the 2nd issue we would like to state that AASB 118 Revenue, revenue shall be recognized while it is probable that the upcoming economic benefits will be the inflow for company and the benefits can be reliably measured. Further, the revenue shall be recognized from the below mentioned events and transactions Rendering of the services Sale of the goods Using of companys dividends, royalties and interest yielding assets by others. Further, as per the AASB 137 Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets, the provision is the amount kept aside by the company for meeting the future obligation. Main purpose of the provision is to adjust the current year balance and make it appropriate. Provisions are recorded as current liability under the balance sheet and under the income statement as expense. For creating the provision the obligation shall be probable and it must be at the future date with regard to the date of balance sheet and the obligation shall be legal or constructive obligation. on the other hand the contingent liability is the expected liability that may occur owing to the uncertain event. If the amount of contingent liability can be estimated reliably and the chances of occurring the event is high then the liability is accounted as expenses or loss under the income statement and as liability in the balance sheet. In the given issue stated by you, for selling of equipment by Beachlife Ltd to Goodsports Ltd the seller was obliged to provide maintenance of equipment for 1st year after sales and the maintenance charge was $ 7,500. However, Goodsposts Ltd is entitled to 15% refund of the purchase amount that is ($ 900,000 * 15%) = $ 13,500 if they are not satisfied with the maintenance service of Beachlife. Therefore, the transaction shall be treated by the company recording the sales under income statement at $ 90,000 as the sales taken place as per the AASB 118 and the payment for which is to be received on 30th December that is in the same accounting period. Moreover, as the maintenance charge is the obligation for your company and the amount can be reliably estimated at $ 7,500, this amount shall be accounted as provision in the income statement and current liability in balance sheet. Further, as there is no established probability for the contingent liability amounting to $ 13,500 it shall b e disclosed through notes to the financial statement rather than including it to the financial statement. In case of any doubt or query regarding the issues, you can always contact me in our official contact number or through e-mail. Yours sincerely Ms. Lisa Magenta Manager Magenta and Associates Copy Stewart Hudson Enc Letter Writing Handout Bibliography Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairment decisions by Australian firms and whether this was impacted by AASB 136. Goodwin, J., Atilgan, Y., Simsir, S.A. and Ahmed, K., 2016. Investor reaction to accounting misstatements under IFRS: Australian evidence. Picker, R., Clark, K., Dunn, J., Kolitz, D., Livne, G., Loftus, J. and Van der Tas, L., 2016.Applying international financial reporting standards. John Wiley Sons. Sinclair, R.N. and Keller, K.L., 2014. A case for brands as assets: Acquired and internally developed.Journal of Brand Management,21(4), pp.286-302. Tysiac, K., 2015. FASB delays revenue recognition effective date by one year.Journal of Accountancy. Wagenhofer, A., 2014. The role of revenue recognition in performance reporting.Accounting and Business Research,44(4), pp.349-379.

The Marriage of Maria Braun an Example of the Topic Film Essays by

The Marriage of Maria Braun by Expert Mary Houston | 27 Dec 2016 The essay about film The Marriage of Maria Braun deals with life in post-World War II Germany and especially the way in which womens lives were changed by the social and political movements that came onto the scene. Throughout the film there are many elements present that help to show the historical representation of World War II and its effects on the people who had to rebuild Germany following the end of the war, two of the most important being the issues of memory and history and how they shape the film, which was indeed a product of the Frauenfilm movement of the 1970's. Need essay sample on "The Marriage of Maria Braun" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Usually Tell EssayLab professionals: Idon't want to write my paper now because I am too tired at the moment. Essay writers recommend: Find Brilliant Papers For Sale Here Order a Custom Essay The West German film industry during this time saw many changes in the way that films were made and the techniques used to create the story on film. The Marriage of Maria Braun is a film that delves into the historical world of women's lives following the end of World War II, and brings to light a magnificent portrait of this period of history in Germany. Prior to the 1960's, West German film virtually ignored the working class person and their existence within the context of history. From the 1960's through to the 1970's there was a movement towards a different type of film in West German cinema, where working class characters were portrayed, their problems in the workplace and at home and their relation to German history and the new-found prosperity (Elsaesser 171). Among these film movements that emerged was a new-found interest in female characters and their importance to German history, something that becomes apparent in films like The Marriage of Maria Braun. This film follows the life of a young German woman who, at the beginning, is married to a missing Nazi soldier but is forced to exert her independence in order to survive in a culture that was poverty-stricken and devastated by the recent war, becoming a hostess at an American GI club, where she quickly begins a liaison with black soldier and becomes pregnant. The film progresses with her husband returning from a POW camp and, to stop the dueling between her new lover and her husband, Maria kills the American and soon her husband is taking the blame and going to jail for her crime. The rest of the film follows Maria as she uses her intellect, charm, survival skills and sexuality to achieve success in the Economic Miracle that occurred in Germany during that time. She becomes a business woman, a lover to a very influential and rich businessman, all the while doing every for her husband. Through the use of history and memory the director is able to capture the general feeling of Germany post-1945 (Baca). The storyline of this film is interesting in that it deals with many layers of issues that followed the end of World War II, including the clashing of the old culture and customs and the new ideals that emerged following the fall of the Nazi party in Germany. One such cultural aspect that is seen within the film is the idea of marriage and how it is understood by the characters. The opening scene of this film shows Maria, dressed in a white wedding dress, standing with her husband, Hermann Braun, in front of a judge who is marrying them. An explosion occurs that sends everyone running from the Civil Registry building, and as the buildings fall around them as they are lying on the ground Maria has the judge sign to affirm that they are married. Throughout the film, Maria is dedicated to her husband emotionally, despite the fact that she freely uses her sexuality with other men to accomplish her goals of becoming a homeowner and successful businesswoman. Despite the fact that Hermann and Maria barely know each other they continue to hope for the ideal rather than the reality of a middle-class marriage (Moeller). Just like the Germany of post-World War II, the Brauns are faced with two very different worlds pulling them in separate directions: the world of pre-World War II Germany and the new culture that emerged following its aftermath. Memory ends up playing an extremely important part in the way that they each interact with each other because much of their interaction occurs within their memories of each other during the three short weeks that they knew each other before marrying. Memory is also important to the transition from young, innocent girl to charming, successful woman because it is the memory of the war torn days of hunger, poverty and cold that motivates her to seek a more economically stable life, whatever the cost. In the film her mother freely expresses that she is not the Maria that she used to be, she is colder, a sentiment that Maria Braun knows and embraces because the alternative is to be submissive. In essence, Maria Brauns feelings and marriage perish in the German economic miracle and her experience becomes a parable of West Germany (Moeller). Just as Maria Brauns memory of darker days impel her towards a future shaped by economic growth, so does West Germany seek economic changes in order to shake off the past. Womens rights and the assertion of female power become implicit in this film, and Maria Braun becomes a strong, liberated female character in German cinema. Instead of waiting to be rescued by men, she takes things into her own hands and goes out to make a better life. While she tries to assert that this life is being created for her husband and her, not simply for herself, it becomes apparent throughout the film that Maria Braun is becoming an independent woman who values her own space. She makes decisions about her own body, including whom she will have sex with, and makes the decision to have an abortion when she becomes pregnant with the black GIs baby near the beginning of the film. No longer submissive and inferior to men, Maria Braun pushes herself to the limits in order to make herself an equal with all of the men that she encounters, a concept which the movie portrays as being precisely what post-World War II German men desired. In one scene, she is speaking with her friends husband, Willy, who has left her friend for another woman because she bores him. In this scene,Willy discloses to Maria why he likes his new lover, saying, She is my equal in every way (The Marriage of Maria Braun). This is a concept that was relevant to the Frauenfilm movement of the 1970s, a time when it was the struggle for womens rights on specific issues, such as abortion, coming from the social base, which created part of the need and also the opportunity for these types of films (Elsaessar 185). Coming from this socio-political context, this film is a perfect example of a movie that was made for female viewers who were trying to understand the issues of womens lives in a historical context, specifically the Economic Miracle of post- World War II Germany. This so-called Economic Miracle, or Wirtschaftswunder, was the period in history following World War II when there was a strong boost in the West German economy and it is this issue that is most carefully portrayed in The Marriage of Maria Braun. The character of Maria Braun becomes almost a metaphor for this strong upturn in economic fortune, her life mirroring the transition happening in the West German economy and the rise in capitalism that occurred there. The character of Maria Braun, a woman who is not trained in business at all, rises from the ashes of her post-World War II poverty and the imprisonment of her husband to become a talented and successful businesswoman. How she comes into this fortune, however, is through her use of her sexuality and her need for economic stability. She is able to recognize the importance of capitalism and what its likely impact would be on her, and when she sneaks onto the first-class train car and is told by the conductor that the lone man sitting there is a successful textile businessman from France she becomes intrigued and uses all of her womanly wiles to intrigue him, but it is her fluency in English, which she freely admits she learned in bed, that persuades him to offer her a position as his assistant. She quickly rises through the ranks to become an executive, but still she uses her sexuality, becoming the mistress of her boss. The character of Maria Braun, in essence, suggests that it is difficult to be good in the capitalist world (Moeller). This becomes a statement about the decline of morals and the shift in cultural values following the Second World War. The factor that shapes all aspect of this film is, most definitely, that of the World War II. This films representation of the Second World War goes far beyond that of the events of the war itself, they delve into the world of women during that period which, until the 1970s, was virtually nonexistent in German cinema. The connection between the female characters in this film and the historical backdrop that helped to shape them is evident. The director of the film, Ranier Werner Fassbinder, relayed that he had a fascination with womens roles in history because it works better, when relating something about history, to use women. Men have a prescribed role in the writing of history this is why I dont find men so interesting as figures; while women, taken singularly are often capable of doing things one would not have considered possible (Moeller). The war itself is what shapes Maria Braun into the person that she becomes by the end of the film. In a country torn apart by the consequences of war, Maria Braun learns that in order to survive she must adopt American values or at least pretend to, a metaphor for Germany and how for its own economic stability the country had to turn to Americans (Baca). Not only does the history of her country shape her, but her own history, a concept that is elemental to the success of this film. Memory also plays an elemental role in how the film progresses and how the characters are shaped. The memory of a war torn Germany, the memory of ones lost love as in the case of both Maria and her mother, and the memory of better days seem to flow effortlessly through the film. In one particular scene Maria brings her friend, Betti, to their old school, the place where they met and enjoyed happier times together. Here, she and her friend reminisce about old times, the days before the war when they were carefree and young. They sit amongst the rubble of a building that has been destroyed by bombs and gunfire, a place that no longer resembles the school of their youth, and yet they smile, sing and laugh as they fondly remember it the way it was. This representation of their memories becomes a catalyst for the viewer, because it is here that the viewer begins to understand the reality of the films themes: the war changed Germanys landscape, economics, culture and values forever. Germany would never be the same following the Second World War, just as Maria Braun was never the same young girl that sat in that school with her friend (The Marriage of Maria Braun). While The Marriage of Maria Braun is an example of a movie that was a result of the Frauenfilm movement, it is also the perfect example of how far the West German film industry had come since the end of World War II. Just like every other aspect of German society, the film industry was greatly affected by the war and, having once been one of the most prosperous and technically advanced film industries; it struggled to regain its success in the aftermath of an onslaught of Hollywood films that hit the market (Elsaesser 8). The film industry of Germany was progressively centralized and put under state control in the 1930s and 1940s, practically ceasing all creative ventures in the market (Elsaesser 10). By 1978, when The Marriage of Maria Braun was released, the film industry had come a long way, gaining fame and respect, and creating films that were meaningful and gave insight to German history and memory, and finally financiers were willing to finance such films (Elsaesser 186). The Marriage of Maria Braun is an example of how German cinema transformed in the 1970s and how the memory of World War II was still ever-present in the minds of the German population. Film movements that sought to establish women as important cinematic characters, as in the Frauenfilm movement, and movements towards portraying the working-class population of Germany were evident in the creation of this film and the themes found there. The finale of the film surprises the audience, with Maria finding out that her lover, the businessman who she has worked under for years, has given half of her estate to her and half to her husband while he was in jail as payment, with the stipulation that her husband leave after his release until her lover dies. The half of his estate is payment for his giving up his love so that the businessman can finish out his life continuing his relationship with Maria. After this revelation, the love and passion that they each had for each other seems to wane in the moments before the ending. The final scene insinuates that Maria and Hermann die in an explosion that was a result of an accident with their gas stove. Moments after they have been informed that they now have it all, the two die together, without having ever had a real marriage together. The statement being made here is subtle but interesting nonetheless, because just as Germany seemed to have it all in terms of the Economic Miracle following World War II, the cultural and social values and traditions of middle-class Germany was forever changed, dying in the explosions of the war just as Maria and Hermann died in the explosion in their house. Works Cited Baca, Mariana. "Dressing for Disaster: Clothing in "the Marriage of Maria Braun"" Visual Histories: German Cinema Post 1945. 6 Oct. 2003. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 12 Feb. 2007 Elsaesser, Thomas. "Film Industry-Film Subsidy." New German Cinema: a History. British Films Institute, 1989. 8-35. Elsaesser, Thomas. "In Search of the Spectator 3: Minority Views." New German Cinema: a History. British Film Institute, 1989. 171-206. The Marriage of Maria Braun. Dir. Rainer Werner Fassbinder. Perf. Hanna Schygulla, Klaus LWitsch, and Ivan Desny. DVD. The Criterion Collection, 1979. Moeller, H.b. "Fassbinder's Use of Brechtian Aesthetics." Jump Cut: a Review of Contemporary Media 35 (1990). 10 Feb. 2007

Relativism Example Essay Example

Relativism Example Paper The theory of Moral Relativism suggests that no principle or value is completely right or wrong; it depends on the circumstances such as the particular society in which one lives in. This proves to be a problem when discovering the actual truth as people begin to think that the truth relies on who maintains it or that the only truth is their own. This can lead to truth having no significance because everything depends on the society to which one belongs to. This ideology originates from Ancient Greece at the time of Homer (8th century BCE). People within Greek society began to come across different ideas if what it meant to be moral. They questioned their own absolutist ideals, resulting in the discussions of the Sophists, a group of wise men, who disputed that all morality was relative what was right and wrong was different within every society. A Greek philosopher, Protagoras proposes that peoples main focus in life was to just get on with it; he says Man is the measure of all things. All they wanted was to fit in with their own community; the truth was an inconsistent and unpredictable idea. Protagoras said that nothing is absolutely right or wrong and that each person is their own final point of authority when making decisions. We will write a custom essay sample on Relativism Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Relativism Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Relativism Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moral Relativism is also subjective, meaning that a persons values are relative to them and so cannot be judged objectively. This is important because we learn that we need to be tolerant of other peoples beliefs and behaviour as well as not to impose our beliefs or morality on other people. Moral Relativism allows people to choose their own code of behaviour as long as it is within the law of society, an act may be good for one person but bad for another, or good in one cultural setting but bad in another, but cannot be either good or bad alone. Consequently, we should not ask ourselves whether something is good or bad in general, but only whether it is good or bad in a particular situation. This is a teleological approach, as you are deciding whether something is good or bad depending on what the outcome will be. Thomas Hobbes, an English Philosopher, helped to develop the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of the social contract theory. The social contract theory is the view that a persons moral and/or political responsibilities are dependant on a contract or agreement between them to form society and right or wrong is relative to this. According to the social contract theory, consent is the basis of government. It is because people have agreed to be ruled that governments are entitled to rule. Hobbes indicates that right or wrong is determined by the need for people to control their naturally selfish desires and to work for the interest and well-being of the group. He also points out that right and wrong are influenced by what is needed to minimise conflict and promote survival. John Leslie Mackie, an Australian philosopher wrote a book called Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong. In his book, Mackie articulates that our moral beliefs do not shape the societies we live; rather our morality is shaped by society. He goes on to suggest that people want to believe morality has an objective truth, but that this is based on the psychological need to try and find an objective reality to base our views on and to give us confidence. However, there is no valid way of proving which moral view or belief is better as moral relativism requires us to be non-judgemental. Mackie concludes by saying that there is no real ultimate standard of right or wrong, which is a common relativist view. Cultural Relativism is less on a personal level as what is right or wrong depends on the culture. Cultural relativism is the view that all beliefs, customs, and morals are relative to the individual within his own social context. In other words, right and wrong are culture-specific; what is considered moral in one society may be considered immoral in another, and, since there is no universal standard of morality, nobody has the right to judge another societys customs. This means that we should adapt our behaviour to conform with the society we are in as well as behave in the way appropriate to the circumstances we are in. As a result, having good manners shows one has morality. Cultural Relativism is a pure example of the moral diversity amongst different cultures. For example, in Saudi Arabia the punishment for stealing may be to cut off a mans hand, however in this country the punishment is unheard of and thought to be brutal and unnecessary. This is what is known as the diversity thesis. Since, there is so much diversity across and amongst cultures there can be no one true morality. There are many other examples of culture clashes and rules of conduct for different places; however, for the relativist such differences do not present any problems because their own moral code applies to the society in which they live in. Moral Relativism is co-joining with religious authority. Many people in this day in age are not religious and therefore need some set standards of morality. Relativism also allows us to understand other cultures and to be tolerant of them. Nevertheless, Moral Relativism has its weaknesses and many Absolutists have criticised the theory. The Relativist says that you cannot have absolutist rules, yet they are contradicting themselves by saying, You must not judge anybody elses morality against your own, this is an absolutist rule. Another criticism suggests an important point, the Relativist approach is to accept and tolerate other peoples intolerant system. Respecting other peoples beliefs is difficult when they believe that the oppression of women is correct, for example. Some criticisms highlight that according to Relativists there is nothing wrong with slavery, torture or human sacrifice, if that is what a society practises then so be it. Additionally, Relativism gives little reason for behaving morally except to be socially accepted. There are several other flaws to the Relativist theory. For example, some statements are truly absolute, It is wrong to torture innocent people. Just because cultures vary, it does not mean there is no objective good. Along with this, ethical beliefs can change when they are challenged, primitive practises do discontinue. Moral relativism, because of its open-minded implications for ethics, is a matter of great importance; what we think about moral relativism matters. This is a situation where philosophy has a practical impact on society as a whole. It is important that the theory, and its consequences, are more widely understood in order to enforce true morality.

Organic Chemistry Survival Tips

Organic Chemistry Survival Tips Organic chemistry is often considered the hardest chemistry class. Its not that its impossibly complicated, but there is a lot to absorb, in both the lab and classroom, plus you can expect to do some memorization to succeed at exam time. If youre taking o-chem, dont stress! Here are survival tips to help you learn the material and succeed in the class. 1) Choose How To Take Organic Chemistry Are you more of a mental sprinter or is distance running your style? Most school offer organic chemistry one of two ways. You can take the year-long course, broken into Organic I and Organic II. This is a good choice if you need time to digest and learn material or master lab protocols. Its a good choice if you tend to ask a lot of questions, because your instructor will be able to take the time to answer them. Your other option is to take organic over the summer. You get the whole shebang in 6-7 weeks, sometimes with a break in the middle and sometimes straight through, start to finish. If youre more of a cramming, run-to-the-finish type of student, this may be the way to go. You know your study style and level of self-discipline better than anyone else. Choose the learning method that works for you. 2) Make Organic Chemistry a Priority Your social life may take a hit while youre taking organic. It wont be your first chemistry class, so you already expect that. Try to avoid taking other challenging courses at the same time. There are only so many hours in the day to work problems, write lab reports, and study. If you load your schedule with sciences, youre going to get pressed for time. Plan to give time to organic. Set aside time to read the material, do the homework, and study. Youll also need some downtime to relax. Getting away from it for a while really helps the material click. Do not expect to just go to class and lab and call it a day. One of the biggest survival tips is to plan your time. (3) Review Before and After Class I know... I know... its a pain to review general chemistry before taking organic and to review notes before the next class. Reading the textbook? Agony. Yet, these steps truly help because they reinforce material. Also, when you review the subject, you may identify questions to ask at the beginning of class. Its important to understand each part of organic because topics build on those you have already mastered. Reviewing builds familiarity with the subject, which builds confidence. If you believe you can succeed at organic chemistry, you will. If youre scared of it, youll probably avoid it, which wont help you learn. After class not necessarily right away, but before the next class study! Review your notes, read, and work problems. (4) Understand, Dont Just Memorize There is some memorization in organic chemistry, but a large part of the class is understanding how reactions work, not just what structures look like. If you understand the why of a process, youll know how to approach new questions and problems. If you simply memorize information, youll suffer when its time for tests and you wont be able to apply the knowledge to other chemistry classes very well. (5) Work Lots of Problems Really, this is part of understanding. You need to work problems to understand how to solve unknown problems. Even if homework isnt picked up or graded, do it. If you dont have a firm grasp of how to solve problems, ask for help and then work more problems. (6) Dont Be Shy in Lab Learning techniques is an important part of organic chemistry. If you are unsure what to do, speak up. Ask lab partners, watch what other groups are doing, or find your instructor. Its okay to make mistakes, so dont beat yourself up if an experiment doesnt go as planned. Youre learning. Just try to learn from your mistakes and youll be fine. (7) Work With Others Any modern science career involves working as part of a team. Start honing your teamwork skills to survive organic chemistry. Study groups are helpful because different people may understand (and be able to explain) different concepts. Working together on assignments will probably get them completed more quickly. You may have gotten through general chemistry on your own, but theres no reason to go it alone in organic. Wondering why you should care about organic chemistry? Consider these examples of organic in everyday life. Learn Organic Chemistry Online

Asda and Tesco - Restructuring to reflect multichannel markets Assignment - 1

Asda and Tesco - Restructuring to reflect multichannel markets - Assignment Example The retailer’s differentiation in terms of pricing for goods like groceries is very close to each other which at time may prove to be successful in the economy of scale. However, the brands in such oligopoly have to devise and introspect to analyze new strategies to stay competent and build the sustainability factor among their offerings. Thus the competence in terms of product knowledge and consumer’s awareness has also increased the post purchase services along with long term value addition a strong product strategy. The consumer’s buying decision making skills along with the seller’s knowledge about products utility and likewise information provides the base for development of distinctive market growth facilities. Nevertheless, the recommendation to be competent at all times needs a constant monitoring of competitors strategies along with consumer’s feedback generation making the process more suitable and at par with the current time. The strategic application of channel sales and use of E-commerce has to have a specialized outlook for both the brands to upkeep the market share and grow from thereon. The retail business is evolving at a very swift pace where the brands are devising new techniques to adapt with the contemporary business environments and adopting management practices. The assignment here would critically evaluate the way the retailers of the UK like ASDA and Tesco are reacting to the changing marketing channels and the ways they are strategising the multichannel sales, and the internal processes modifications those the brands have undertaken to attract consumers and give the best value for money, in regards to the consumers perception of the brand. In this process, the brands and its offerings are being designed to suit the needs and wants of the consumers. Therefore, the use of Online buying and delivery is the next generation sales and distribution aspect that